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Question on early 19th century America Utopian experiments?
It's a multiple choice question, utopian experiments focused on all of the following except
a) communal economics and alternative sexual arrangements
b)temperance and diet reforms
c)advanced scientific and technological ways of producing and consuming
d)developing small-business enterprises and advanced marketing techniques
e)doctrine of reincarnation and transcendental meditation
I'm leaning toward D.
A is a no since the textbook discusses the Oneida Community and free love
E is out because of Brooke Farm emphasis on transcendentalism
D is shaky because of Oneida animal traps and New Harmony founder being textile manufacture,but the book makes a point of communitarian nature.
There is no direct support for B, the book only mentions "human betterment."
No clue on C.
Book also mentions Shakers.
My answer would be "C", since the common denominator of the Utopian communities was to escape the trappings of "modern" life -- even as they defined it in the 19th century -- and get back into communion with nature. The idea, then, is primitive simplicity that elevates humanity and nature above technological complexity that reduces man to a cog in an impersonal unnatural machine. Technology and scientific advancement may allow us to work easier, but they remove some of the intimate connection we have with nature through hard work.
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